This model allows modeling of all forces and moments acting on the plane (Stephens & Lewis, 1992).įigure 1: Body axis aircraft co-ordinate system retrieved from Stephens and Lewis (1992, p.24) The rigid body dynamics therefore has six degrees of freedom, given by three rotations about, and three translations along the axes. In the study of mechanics of flight, we can assume that an aircraft can be represented as a rigid body, designed by a set body of axis as shown in figure 1. This means that the link between the operator and the control actuators is interposed by a computer system hence modifying the operator’s inputs with regards to the control parameters. The controls are configured to control computers in the aircraft. In fly-by-wire, the control of the aircraft is only achieved through the use of electrical signals. Mechanical flight controls are prone to several dangerous issues such as spinning, stalling and pilot-induced oscillation (Pratt, 2000). The control systems and cables need redundant backup that guard against failures and as such further increases the weight of the aircraft and the work of the crew. ![]() Manual flight control systems are very bulky and the control cables need to be carefully laid through the relevant sections of the airplane. ![]() ![]() The Airbus fly-by-wire system was certified in 1988 and was used the same year during the launch of the first A320 (McRuer & Graham, 1981). The Airbus Company was the first airplane manufacturer to introduce this system in their A320. Fly-by-wire is an innovation that replaces an aircraft’s manual controls with an electronic interface.įly-by-wire is a digital flight control system that enables signals from manual controls to be converted into electrical signals after which control computers determine the appropriate response (Droste &Walker, 2003).
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